LUMPY SKIN DISEASE

 INTRODUCTION;

                                Lumpy skin Disease was first reported in ZAMBIA, AFRICA.But thought that is a epidemic disease due to poisonous insects.After that during period of 1943 & 1945 more cases observed in African places.There on LSD started spreading other continents too.

FIRST CASE IN INDIA

                            LSD first reported in 2019 at ODISHA state. But not detected more  due to covid pandemic. The source of the disease may be entered from bangladesh(may be).

                            Later the outbreak of the disease was observed in 2022 summers in northern parts of india. This time the source is from pakistan(may be) .

                    Now around 11 states effected by this disease mostly northern states Gujarat, rajasthan, up etc.

SPREAD OF DISEASE ;

                        LSD is caused by capripox virus ,which belongs to poxviradae  family. This virus is mostly carried by blood sucking vectors/insects bite.It is the short route of transmission.

Animal importing is also one of the way of virus transmission .This is the long route of transmission.

INCUBATION TIME : Virus incubation time is 4 to 14 days.

SYMPTOMS ;

1.High fever in catlle.

2.Fluids from Nose and Eyes.

3.Nodules on skin observed (5cm each).(which later stage converts to wounds)

4.Saliva droping from mouth.

SECONDARY STAGE/INFECTIONS;

                In secondary stage the nodules breaksout as infection/effect on lymph node increases. This cause weight loss ,difficult in movement or sitting of cattle.Cows stops taking feed due to pain and illness . Animal Liver also effected by this disease.Its tough to recover cow effected with LSD.

MEDICATION:

            There is no proper medication for this disease till now. Acording to the symptoms medications are used.It is called as supportive care of treatment.

Natural medication ;

        As there was no proper medicine for LSD ,some natural medication are used by farmers.There was no scientific evidence on this medicines but the ingredients used in this medicine has some properties to decrease the effect of disease.

Preparation of natural medicines ;

Model 1

Key ingredients;

BETEL LEAVES- 10 no's

BLACK PEPPER- 10 GRAMS

SALT -10GRAMS

JAGGERY

Preparation ;

* Blend all the above ingredients into paste and mix with jaggery.

Dosage :

Day 1 Give in small proportions orally for every 3hours 

Day 2 to 3 weeks 

Give 3 doses orally daily from DAY2 to 2 WEEKS.

Model 2:

Key ingredients

GARLIC : 2 

CORRIANDER -10G

CUMIN -10G

TULSI - 1handful

DRY CINNAMON LEAVES-10G

BLACK PEPPER-10G

BETEL LEAVES -5NO'S

SHALLOTS-2 BULBS

TURMERIC POWDER -10G

CHIRATA LEAVES POWDER-30G

SWEET BASIL-1 HANDFUL

NEEM LEAVES-1 HANDFUL

AEGLE MARMALOS(BEL)LEAVES-1 HANDFUL

JAGGERY -100G

Preparation ;

        Blend all the ingredients into paste and mix with jaggery.

Dosage :

DAY1 Feed in small portions,one dose for every three hours.

DAY2 Daily two doses morning and evening untill problem resolves.

Note; The above natural medication are two of the models which are in practice and somewhat effective (not 100%) .There are many more models ,with different ingredients and also these are not clinically approved. (This is only for information ,contact your local vet if u absorb any symptoms of LSD ) 

ALLOPATHY /ENGLISH MEDICATION :

    There is no any proper medication for LSD. There is only supportive treatment  i...e,giving medicine according to the symptoms .

                    In this medication  antibiotics are given to avoid secondary infections ,sprays are used on wounds. As there will be lots of pain in cows ,Pain killers are recommended. Multivitamins & Livertonics are given orally.Medication for fever(paracetmol) to be used by frequent checking of cows temperature.

Homeopathy ;

         Homeonest Marigold + LSD-25 Kit contains two medicines namely Homeonest V Drops No. 25 for oral administration , which increases the immune system in cows and Marigold + plus Liquid Antiseptic Spray for External use on skin  lesion ,which prevents secondary infections in wounds.

VACCINE :

                Vaccine is the only thing that can reduce Lumpy skin disease .

                "LUMPY PROVACIND" is  the vaccine jointly developed by ICAR'S National research centre on Equines at Haryana and IVRI ,UP .This vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine, similar to those used against tuberculosis, measles, mumps. This vaccine can be used for pregnant cows, small cows at any stage.

                ICAR Signs with BIOVET for the production of vaccine. As on date(21/9/2022) producton is not started fully.18 to 20 cr. vaccines are requred for  completely cover all the cattle population in INDIA.

                Taking into consideration of severity of the disease ,Union ministry approved Goat pox vaccine as the alternate use for LSD .Goat pox vaccine is also effective on this disease but not 100%.

Preventive Steps ;

The below are some of the preventive steps to be taken 

1.Avoid Herd movement,& if cows brought from other places to be isolated before introducing into herd.

2.Keep the surrounding clean, Regular cleaning of cows and shed (if possible clean with neem& turmeric mixed water).

3.Frequently observe the cows for any symptoms.(Better maintain a Thermometre in farm to check teperature of cows)

4.During evenings place fire with neem leaves so tthat blood sucking flies can be repelled.

5.Isolate the infected cattles from herd. Person in the farm also to be clean , 

6.Healthy diet to be followed.

7.Vaccination to be done as soon as possible.

Low cost High Protein feed for Fisheries,pigs,Ruminants & Poultry _Black Soldier Flies Farming (BSF🪖)

 Introduction:

                In present days , fisheries & poultry  became burden to the farmers due to increase in feed cost. For the fast growth in poultry & fisheries farmers have to go for high protein feed which is very costly. Also in worldwide there is huge increase of food waste due to increase of population. Black soldier flies farming will be one of the method of easy /ecofriendly waste management procedure.

         In todays blog we will discuss ,How to make high protein feed in less cost. BLACK SOLDIER FLIES magoots/larvae have very high protein(50%) & also these have high multiplication capacity. 

Stages of BLACK SOLDIER FLIES  : 

They are totally 5 stages in BSF :

1.Eggs 2. Larvae 3. Pre pupa 4. pupa 5. Adult

                         During larvae stage they feed on bio waste (kitchen waste, agri waste).In the adult stage they only feed on water & fats stored in body during pupa stage .These flies are not harmful & the male flies dies after mating ,female dies after laying eggs.

                        BSF Larvae & pre pupa  can be used as feed for aquatic animals & poultry birds.Its high protein content enhances the growth .It is a big boon for both aqua & poultry farmers. The feed cost can be decreased by half by replacing the 50% feeds in poultry with this BSFL.

BSF Larvae farming :

 Items required :

1. Plastic Trays

2.BSF Eggs

3.Rice bran 

4.Jaggery(to be mixed in water)

5.Strainer

6. Mosquito net

7.Wooden pieces 

8.Water Sprayer

Procedure :

a. Egg hatching bed preparation :

            In a tray one kg Rice bran is taken & mixed well with jaggery water .The mixture is spread in tray with 2 inches height .Now spread dry rice bran around the edges of the tray so that if there is any excess water is taken by it. Now on top of the spreaded rice bran a two inches height stand is placed & strainer is kept on it.

                Now some amount of eggs are placed on strainer .This setup is kept in a safe place where ants or birds won't reach them. It is Better to cover the set up with mosquito net. Daily water is sprayed on the top of the rice bran .

        In two to three days of time you observe hatching of eggs & small larvae coming out of it.Total eggs will be hatched in less than 4 to 5 days time.The small larvae slowly enters into the rice bran mixture .  This larvae feeds on this mixture for another two days.

b. Feeding larvae(Larvae to pre pupa stage) :

                    In the larvae stage it live for 18 days. During the larvae stage they eat the food double of its weight per day.During the larvae stage they take food waste (vegetables ,leftover food,Animal feces etc)as feed .This larvae  gets fully ready to enters the pre pupae stage after 17th day .This larvae  should  be fed to the animals before it enters to pupae stage as it is having 43% of proteins & calicium tooo. This larvae is rich in energy.

Black soldier fly larvae can be used as feed to Birds, ruminants(dried and mixed in feed) ,pigs,fish ,prawns ,humans etc. 

Storage : This larvae can be stored in dry form.

Precautions: If the temperature is high the larvae won't take any feed and it just crawls, Same if the temperature is low the growth of pupae will be less.so necessary precautions to be taken to maintain temperatures.

c. Pupae stage:

            In this stage it is not suitable for feeding .As it enters to dry stage and won't take any feed for next 9 to days. But this Pupae can be stored for the reproduction. As this Flies multiply  easily by laying large amount of eggs. By this eggs also one can generate some income.

d. Adult :

            The pupae after 10 days enters into FLY stage .Where it lives for another 8 to 9 days and after laying eggs females dies and males after mating they too die. In this 9 days the Black soldier flies won't take any feed as it don't have mouth. So there was no much disadvantages of this fly. This flies should be kept in a closed place (surrounding with nets) and also having sufficient light. This helps in preventing flies to escape.

            These flies are mostly active in day and mates. The eggs laied in night are mostly infertile. The fertility can be increased by arranging some light in night times. These Black soldier flies lays eggs only in the area where there is availability of feed for the larvae. So some feed to be arranged near the egg laying areas. They won"t lay eggs on the feed.

        Arrangement for laying EGGS:  Cardboards, bunch of wood pieces with edges or papers hanging can be used as medium for egg laying. Each Black soldier fly can lay about 500 eggs.

USES/Advantages;

*As "BLACK SOLDIER FLY" is rich in protein it can replace the 50% of feed in animal feeding industry.

*Compare to other rich protein feed , this feed is low in cost and easy to harvest or prepare.

*In some areas these are taken by human as food.

*This helps in conversion of kitchen waste into high protein food in less time. It also helps in healthy waste management.

*The excreta of the larvae and pupa shells can also be used in farm or garden as compost.

*This larvae can also be grow by intaking the Animal feces as feed ,this makes farm waste management easy .

Disadvantages:

            As this soldier flies are not harmful for humans or animals but if the egg or larvae  enters into body may cause severe effect like disfunctionality of organs which cause death. So necessary precautions to be taken while growing this flies.

                                            THANK YOU      

                                                                                                                - kranthi deepak

   

 

50 lAKHS /50% SUBSIDY FOR SHEEP/GOAT FARM(Unit cost -1 CR)_NATIONAL LIVESTOCK MISSION_DEPT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY & DAIRYING

 SHEEP/GOAT BREEDER FARM SCHEME(500 doe + 25 bucks) ::

                                Under national livestock mission @ Dept of animal husbandry & dairying (GOI) launched a scheme .The main aim of the scheme is

* Promoting entrepreneurship in livestock Industry.

* Consereving and Development of  breed

How many numbers of livestock considered as a unit?

    A sheep/goat unit should have  500 females & 25 males.

Who are eligible under this scheme?

* Any Indian individual

*SHG'S ,FPO'S,SEC 8 Companies,FCO'S 

What is the Total cost of the Unit/scheme?

    The total cost of the unit is 1 Crore

How much subsidy will be available under this scheme?

    50% OF THE UNIT COST will be available as subsidy 

    Another 50% (50lakhs) should be availed from banks  as loan or self fiananced.

Requirements for eligibility?

*Trained or should have experience in sheep/goat rearing.

*Bank loan or Bank guarantee.(50 lakhs)

*Project report

*Own land or lease land.

KYC documents

How and Where to Apply ?

www.nlm.udyamimitra.in

                Application can be submitted by registering in the above website using your mobile number.

Documents :

*Adress proof 

*Last three years income tax returns.

*Last six months Bank statement

*Pan/adhar card

*Training /experience Certificate.(Experience certificate can be obtained from your local veterinary doctor)

How it is approved?

After applying ,a presentation should be given to concern department.The process is as follows,your application is passed through State implementing agency(SIA),Bank,SLEC ,DAHD & GOI.

                The Sanction of the unit is mostly dependent on your Project report.

Release of Subsidy ?

            Subsidy amount will be released in two installements. The first installment is released at the starting of the project .The second installment will be released after the completion of project .

Important Dates :

STARTING  DATE : OCTOBER/2021

LAST DATE : There is no any last date. It is a 5 year project.

Important links:

For info : https://dahd.nic.in/national_livestock_mission

For apply : https://www.nlm.udyamimitra.in/

Note: The above guidelines or data is only for general information.It is not official.For official information & for furtther doubts please visit the above links.This blog won't be resposibile ,if the above guidelines are wrong or changed.

References:

1 The above .Data and images are from https://dahd.nic.in/national_livestock_mission ,https://www.nlm.udyamimitra.in/

                                                                                                                            Kranthi