LUMPY SKIN DISEASE

 INTRODUCTION;

                                Lumpy skin Disease was first reported in ZAMBIA, AFRICA.But thought that is a epidemic disease due to poisonous insects.After that during period of 1943 & 1945 more cases observed in African places.There on LSD started spreading other continents too.

FIRST CASE IN INDIA

                            LSD first reported in 2019 at ODISHA state. But not detected more  due to covid pandemic. The source of the disease may be entered from bangladesh(may be).

                            Later the outbreak of the disease was observed in 2022 summers in northern parts of india. This time the source is from pakistan(may be) .

                    Now around 11 states effected by this disease mostly northern states Gujarat, rajasthan, up etc.

SPREAD OF DISEASE ;

                        LSD is caused by capripox virus ,which belongs to poxviradae  family. This virus is mostly carried by blood sucking vectors/insects bite.It is the short route of transmission.

Animal importing is also one of the way of virus transmission .This is the long route of transmission.

INCUBATION TIME : Virus incubation time is 4 to 14 days.

SYMPTOMS ;

1.High fever in catlle.

2.Fluids from Nose and Eyes.

3.Nodules on skin observed (5cm each).(which later stage converts to wounds)

4.Saliva droping from mouth.

SECONDARY STAGE/INFECTIONS;

                In secondary stage the nodules breaksout as infection/effect on lymph node increases. This cause weight loss ,difficult in movement or sitting of cattle.Cows stops taking feed due to pain and illness . Animal Liver also effected by this disease.Its tough to recover cow effected with LSD.

MEDICATION:

            There is no proper medication for this disease till now. Acording to the symptoms medications are used.It is called as supportive care of treatment.

Natural medication ;

        As there was no proper medicine for LSD ,some natural medication are used by farmers.There was no scientific evidence on this medicines but the ingredients used in this medicine has some properties to decrease the effect of disease.

Preparation of natural medicines ;

Model 1

Key ingredients;

BETEL LEAVES- 10 no's

BLACK PEPPER- 10 GRAMS

SALT -10GRAMS

JAGGERY

Preparation ;

* Blend all the above ingredients into paste and mix with jaggery.

Dosage :

Day 1 Give in small proportions orally for every 3hours 

Day 2 to 3 weeks 

Give 3 doses orally daily from DAY2 to 2 WEEKS.

Model 2:

Key ingredients

GARLIC : 2 

CORRIANDER -10G

CUMIN -10G

TULSI - 1handful

DRY CINNAMON LEAVES-10G

BLACK PEPPER-10G

BETEL LEAVES -5NO'S

SHALLOTS-2 BULBS

TURMERIC POWDER -10G

CHIRATA LEAVES POWDER-30G

SWEET BASIL-1 HANDFUL

NEEM LEAVES-1 HANDFUL

AEGLE MARMALOS(BEL)LEAVES-1 HANDFUL

JAGGERY -100G

Preparation ;

        Blend all the ingredients into paste and mix with jaggery.

Dosage :

DAY1 Feed in small portions,one dose for every three hours.

DAY2 Daily two doses morning and evening untill problem resolves.

Note; The above natural medication are two of the models which are in practice and somewhat effective (not 100%) .There are many more models ,with different ingredients and also these are not clinically approved. (This is only for information ,contact your local vet if u absorb any symptoms of LSD ) 

ALLOPATHY /ENGLISH MEDICATION :

    There is no any proper medication for LSD. There is only supportive treatment  i...e,giving medicine according to the symptoms .

                    In this medication  antibiotics are given to avoid secondary infections ,sprays are used on wounds. As there will be lots of pain in cows ,Pain killers are recommended. Multivitamins & Livertonics are given orally.Medication for fever(paracetmol) to be used by frequent checking of cows temperature.

Homeopathy ;

         Homeonest Marigold + LSD-25 Kit contains two medicines namely Homeonest V Drops No. 25 for oral administration , which increases the immune system in cows and Marigold + plus Liquid Antiseptic Spray for External use on skin  lesion ,which prevents secondary infections in wounds.

VACCINE :

                Vaccine is the only thing that can reduce Lumpy skin disease .

                "LUMPY PROVACIND" is  the vaccine jointly developed by ICAR'S National research centre on Equines at Haryana and IVRI ,UP .This vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine, similar to those used against tuberculosis, measles, mumps. This vaccine can be used for pregnant cows, small cows at any stage.

                ICAR Signs with BIOVET for the production of vaccine. As on date(21/9/2022) producton is not started fully.18 to 20 cr. vaccines are requred for  completely cover all the cattle population in INDIA.

                Taking into consideration of severity of the disease ,Union ministry approved Goat pox vaccine as the alternate use for LSD .Goat pox vaccine is also effective on this disease but not 100%.

Preventive Steps ;

The below are some of the preventive steps to be taken 

1.Avoid Herd movement,& if cows brought from other places to be isolated before introducing into herd.

2.Keep the surrounding clean, Regular cleaning of cows and shed (if possible clean with neem& turmeric mixed water).

3.Frequently observe the cows for any symptoms.(Better maintain a Thermometre in farm to check teperature of cows)

4.During evenings place fire with neem leaves so tthat blood sucking flies can be repelled.

5.Isolate the infected cattles from herd. Person in the farm also to be clean , 

6.Healthy diet to be followed.

7.Vaccination to be done as soon as possible.