Introduction:
In present days , fisheries & poultry became burden to the farmers due to increase in feed cost. For the fast growth in poultry & fisheries farmers have to go for high protein feed which is very costly. Also in worldwide there is huge increase of food waste due to increase of population. Black soldier flies farming will be one of the method of easy /ecofriendly waste management procedure.
In todays blog we will discuss ,How to make high protein feed in less cost. BLACK SOLDIER FLIES magoots/larvae have very high protein(50%) & also these have high multiplication capacity.
Stages of BLACK SOLDIER FLIES :
They are totally 5 stages in BSF :
1.Eggs 2. Larvae 3. Pre pupa 4. pupa 5. Adult
During larvae stage they feed on bio waste (kitchen waste, agri waste).In the adult stage they only feed on water & fats stored in body during pupa stage .These flies are not harmful & the male flies dies after mating ,female dies after laying eggs.
BSF Larvae & pre pupa can be used as feed for aquatic animals & poultry birds.Its high protein content enhances the growth .It is a big boon for both aqua & poultry farmers. The feed cost can be decreased by half by replacing the 50% feeds in poultry with this BSFL.
BSF Larvae farming :
Items required :
1. Plastic Trays
2.BSF Eggs
3.Rice bran
4.Jaggery(to be mixed in water)
5.Strainer
6. Mosquito net
7.Wooden pieces
8.Water Sprayer
Procedure :
a. Egg hatching bed preparation :
In a tray one kg Rice bran is taken & mixed well with jaggery water .The mixture is spread in tray with 2 inches height .Now spread dry rice bran around the edges of the tray so that if there is any excess water is taken by it. Now on top of the spreaded rice bran a two inches height stand is placed & strainer is kept on it.
Now some amount of eggs are placed on strainer .This setup is kept in a safe place where ants or birds won't reach them. It is Better to cover the set up with mosquito net. Daily water is sprayed on the top of the rice bran .
In two to three days of time you observe hatching of eggs & small larvae coming out of it.Total eggs will be hatched in less than 4 to 5 days time.The small larvae slowly enters into the rice bran mixture . This larvae feeds on this mixture for another two days.
b. Feeding larvae(Larvae to pre pupa stage) :
In the larvae stage it live for 18 days. During the larvae stage they eat the food double of its weight per day.During the larvae stage they take food waste (vegetables ,leftover food,Animal feces etc)as feed .This larvae gets fully ready to enters the pre pupae stage after 17th day .This larvae should be fed to the animals before it enters to pupae stage as it is having 43% of proteins & calicium tooo. This larvae is rich in energy.
Black soldier fly larvae can be used as feed to Birds, ruminants(dried and mixed in feed) ,pigs,fish ,prawns ,humans etc.
Storage : This larvae can be stored in dry form.
Precautions: If the temperature is high the larvae won't take any feed and it just crawls, Same if the temperature is low the growth of pupae will be less.so necessary precautions to be taken to maintain temperatures.
c. Pupae stage:
In this stage it is not suitable for feeding .As it enters to dry stage and won't take any feed for next 9 to days. But this Pupae can be stored for the reproduction. As this Flies multiply easily by laying large amount of eggs. By this eggs also one can generate some income.
d. Adult :
The pupae after 10 days enters into FLY stage .Where it lives for another 8 to 9 days and after laying eggs females dies and males after mating they too die. In this 9 days the Black soldier flies won't take any feed as it don't have mouth. So there was no much disadvantages of this fly. This flies should be kept in a closed place (surrounding with nets) and also having sufficient light. This helps in preventing flies to escape.
These flies are mostly active in day and mates. The eggs laied in night are mostly infertile. The fertility can be increased by arranging some light in night times. These Black soldier flies lays eggs only in the area where there is availability of feed for the larvae. So some feed to be arranged near the egg laying areas. They won"t lay eggs on the feed.
Arrangement for laying EGGS: Cardboards, bunch of wood pieces with edges or papers hanging can be used as medium for egg laying. Each Black soldier fly can lay about 500 eggs.
USES/Advantages;
*As "BLACK SOLDIER FLY" is rich in protein it can replace the 50% of feed in animal feeding industry.
*Compare to other rich protein feed , this feed is low in cost and easy to harvest or prepare.
*In some areas these are taken by human as food.
*This helps in conversion of kitchen waste into high protein food in less time. It also helps in healthy waste management.
*The excreta of the larvae and pupa shells can also be used in farm or garden as compost.
*This larvae can also be grow by intaking the Animal feces as feed ,this makes farm waste management easy .
Disadvantages:
As this soldier flies are not harmful for humans or animals but if the egg or larvae enters into body may cause severe effect like disfunctionality of organs which cause death. So necessary precautions to be taken while growing this flies.
THANK YOU
- kranthi deepak
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